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447

Jobs and livelihoods programming for economic and social stability in fragile places: Evidence from Tunisia and Somalia

Neil Ferguson, Tatiana Orozco García

An increasing proportion of the world’s poor live in fragile states, and efforts to build economic and social stability increasingly focus on those settings. Fragility […]

446

Effect of exposure to conflicts and childhood mortality: Analyses of pooled cross-sectional data from 105 surveys from 52 countries

Srinivas Goli, Nandeen Bhattacharyya, Shalem Balla, Harchand Ram

This study analyses the adverse impact of different types of conflicts on child mortality and its mechanisms across a large group of countries. Our analysis […]

445

Climate, conflict, and food Security: A systematic review of household-level evidence (2020–2025)

Tilman Brück, Mahlet Degefu Awoke

Climate and conflict crises increasingly occur together, creating compounded risks for household food security. This review synthesizes evidence from 37 quantitative studies published 2020–2025 on […]

444

Collective Shocks and Social Preferences: A Global, Subnational Analysis

James Igoe Walsh, Alexander Kustov, Ivan Flores Martinez

While some studies of conflicts, natural disasters, and economic setbacks find these negative collective shocks make people more prosocial, others find they reduce cooperation. These […]

443

The Nationwide Camp Closure Policy in Iraq and the Welfare of Displaced Populations

After the end of their conflict with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Iraqi government initiated a policy to close all […]

442

A New Expanded Dataset to Study Refugee Camps in Sub-Saharan Africa 1999–2024

Colette Salemi, Sebastian Anti, Jonathan Rigberg, Karishma Silva, Johannes Hoogeveen

One in five refugees live in camps or camp-like settings, and three-quarters of encamped refugees are in sub-Saharan Africa. No reliable public data has systematically […]

441

Guns and Gains: Effects of Exposure to Counterinsurgency Operations During School-Age Years

Punarjit Roychowdhury, Sourish Mustafi, Bharti Nandwani

This paper examines the effects of exposure to hard-security counterinsurgency operations during school-age years on human capital and labor market outcomes in India. We exploit […]

440

Armed Conflict, Community-based Cash Transfers, and Social Cohesion: Evidence from a Randomized Intervention in Ethiopia

Kibrom A. Abay, Halefom Yigzaw Nigus, Martin Paul Jr. Tabe-Ojong

Amid a surge in armed conflicts in Africa, the impact of armed conflicts on social cohesion and potential avenues to rebuild social cohesion in conflict-affected […]

439

The COVID-19 pandemic and food security: Micro-level evidence from Uganda, Tanzania, Sierra Leone and Mozambique

Ghassan Baliki, Wolfgang Stojetz, Tilman Brück, Mekdim D. Regassa, Damir Esenaliev, Milena Tzvetkova, Monika Schreiner

The COVID-19 pandemic caused extensive food insecurity in low-income countries. However, most studies rely on aggregate-level exposure measures, overlooking individual-level heterogeneity and introducing measurement errors […]

438

Foreign boots, local views: How violence shapes perceptions of French and Russian forces in Burkina Faso

Daniel Tuki

Although considerable attention has been given to the growing realignment of many West African countries away from their former colonial ruler, France, and toward Russia—particularly […]

437

Assessing the impact of violent conflict on attitudes toward military rule in Nigeria

Daniel Tuki

Violent conflict is often assumed to undermine democratic legitimacy and increase public support for authoritarian alternatives. Yet empirical evidence remains limited, particularly in the context […]

436

Agricultural shocks and long-term conflict risk: Evidence from desert locust swarms

Pierre E. Biscaye

Can transitory economic shocks affect long-term violent conflict risk? This paper studies this question using data on con ict events and desert locust swarm exposure […]

435

Religion and prejudice: Micro-level evidence from Africa

Daniel Tuki

While scholarship on religious tolerance has grown, little is known about how (non)religious identity shapes prejudice in highly religious societies, particularly in the Global South. […]

434

Conflict exposure and healthcare perceptions: Micro-level evidence from Africa

Daniel Tuki

Although considerable research has examined the impact of violent conflict on health outcomes in Africa—such as undernutrition, child mortality, and maternal mortality—a significant gap remains […]

433

Cash and Cohesion in Crisis: On the Impacts of Anticipatory Cash Transfers in IDP Camps in South Sudan during Floods

Dorothee Weiffen, Ghassan Baliki, Tilman Brück, Jan Elfes

Households living in humanitarian settings face extreme vulnerability to adverse shocks. Cash transfers can reduce this vulnerability and enhance household welfare. However, the potential of […]

432

The COVID-19 pandemic and intra-household tensions in Africa

Wolfgang Stojetz, Tilman Brück, Mekdim D. Regassa, Anke Hoeffler

This study examines the impact of countermeasures, such as stay-at-home orders and school closures, on stress within households during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a phone […]

431

Carrying the Past with you Across the Border: Long-term Effects of Conflict and Environmental Stress Exposure in Syria on the Social Well-being of Refugees in Jordan

Francisca Castro, Tilman Brück, Wolfgang Stojetz, Hadi Jaafar

When refugees flee abroad, they carry the legacy of their traumatic experiences across borders. While there are over 43 million refugees worldwide, the long-term effects […]

430

Polycrisis in Agrifood Systems: Climate-Conflict Interactions and Labor Dynamics for Women and Youth in 21 African Countries

Wolfgang Stojetz, Tilman Brück, Carlo Azzarri, Erdgin Mane

This paper provides evidence on the impacts of armed conflict and climate change on individual labor intensity. Based on pooled labor force survey, climate, and […]

429

The Scar of Civil War: Exposure in (Early) Childhood and School Test Scores as a Teenager

Philip Verwimp

This paper investigates the effect of civil war exposure in (early) childhood on school test scores as a teenager. It uses test scores from the […]

428

High-Skilled Migration from Myanmar: Responses to Signals of Political and Economic Stabilization

Yashodhan Ghorpade, Muhammad Saad Imtiaz, Theingie Han

In recent years Myanmar has witnessed considerable economic and political instability, leading many young people, particularly the higher-skilled, to consider migrating abroad for improved prospects. […]